Maryland Online Data Privacy Act (MODPA)
Maryland · 2024 Md. Laws ch. 440 (SB 541); Md. Code Ann., Com. Law §§ 14-4601–14-4626
Maryland's privacy law is stricter than most: it prohibits processing sensitive personal data unless strictly necessary for the requested service. Consumers can access, correct, delete, and port their data, and opt out of automated profiling and targeted advertising. AG enforcement began April 2026.
Technical detail
MODPA (SB 541), Md. Code Ann., Com. Law §§ 14-4601 et seq., eff. Oct. 1, 2025 (AG enforcement Apr. 1, 2026); strict-necessity standard for sensitive data; data protection assessments for algorithmic decision-making; profiling opt-out.
Who is protected: Maryland residents
Who must comply: Controllers processing data of 35,000+ MD residents/year, or 10,000+ with 20%+ revenue from data sales
Key facts
| Jurisdiction | Maryland |
|---|---|
| Level | State |
| Status | In effect |
| Protection strength | Limited protection |
| Effective date | 2025-10-01 |
| Enacted | 2024-05-09 |
| Citation | 2024 Md. Laws ch. 440 (SB 541); Md. Code Ann., Com. Law §§ 14-4601–14-4626 |
| Enforced by | Maryland Attorney General |
| Private right of action | No — agency enforcement only |
| Penalties | Up to $10,000 per violation; $25,000 per subsequent; 60-day cure period |
| Topics | consumer data privacy · data retention · automated decision-making · consumer protection |
| Last verified | 2026-06-12 |
| Official source | Maryland SB 541 — Maryland Online Data Privacy Act ↗ |
More AI rules in Maryland
- MD HB 1339 (Automated Decision Systems, 2026) · Enacted (not yet in effect)
- MD NCII Deepfake Law · In effect
- Maryland CSAM Law (computer-generated images) · In effect
- Maryland AI Governance Act (2024) · In effect
- Maryland HB 820 (AI in insurance utilization review) · In effect
- Maryland HB 1563 (AI-denial reporting) · In effect
Related consumer data privacy rules elsewhere
- Vermont Data Broker Law (H.211) · Enacted (not yet in effect)
- Chatrie v. United States (Fourth Amendment protection for lo · Blocked / in litigation
- House Bill 2512 — Banning surveillance pricing by rideshare · Proposed / pending
- Kids Internet and Digital Safety Act (KIDS Act) (H.R. 7757) · Proposed / pending
- Maine LD 61 (employer surveillance disclosure & prohibition) · In effect
- Washington SHB 1672 (employee monitoring notice, ADS restrictions, emotion AI ban) · In effect
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