HB 452 (Mental Health Chatbots)
Utah HB 452: Mental Health Chatbot Protections
Utah · Utah Code § 13-72a-101 et seq.; § 58-60-118 (HB 452, 2025)
- Status
- In effect
- Took effect
- May 7, 2025
- Applies to
- Suppliers of mental health chatbots operating in Utah
- Enforced by
- Utah Division of Consumer Protection
Utah regulates AI chatbots that act like therapists: suppliers must clearly disclose the chatbot is not human, may not advertise products mid-conversation without disclosure, and may not sell or share users' individually identifiable health information.
Who is protected: Utah users of mental health chatbots
Legal detail
Utah Code Title 13, Chapter 72a (HB 452, 2025, eff. May 7, 2025) imposes disclosure, advertising-restriction, and health-data protections on suppliers of 'mental health chatbots' using generative AI, enforced by the Division of Consumer Protection, with an affirmative defense (Utah Code 58-60-118) for suppliers that file best-practice policies.
Key facts
| Jurisdiction | Utah |
|---|---|
| Level | State |
| Strength | Limited |
| Enacted | March 25, 2025 |
| Citation | Utah Code § 13-72a-101 et seq.; § 58-60-118 (HB 452, 2025) |
| Private right of action | No, agency enforcement only |
| Penalties | Administrative fines up to $2,500 per violation; in a court action, fines up to $2,500 per violation, injunctive relief and disgorgement; civil penalty up to $5,000 per violation of an administrative or court order |
| Topics | healthcare AI · consumer protection · consumer data privacy · AI disclosure and transparency |
| Bill text | Utah State Legislature: H.B. 452 Artificial Intelligence Amendments (2025) |
More AI rules in Utah
- Utah HB 76 data center water transparency (2026) · In effect
- Utah EO 2026-08 pro-human AI in state government · In effect
- UT HB 101 (2019 AV statute) · In effect
- UT drone-wildfire law · In effect
- Utah H.B. 148 (computer-generated CSAM & intimate images count as illegal) · In effect
- Utah H.B. 238 (AI-generated child sexual abuse material is illegal) · In effect
Related healthcare AI rules elsewhere
- Missouri AI Therapy Chatbot Ban (SB 1019) · In effect
- PA v. Character.AI (Fake Psychiatrist Chatbot) · Blocked / in litigation
- RI Therapy Chatbot Ban (2026) · In effect
- RI AI Companion Self-Harm Safety (2026) · Enacted (not yet in effect)
- California AB 489 (AI healthcare chatbot misrepresentation ban) · In effect
- AZ HB 2175 (AI Insurance Denial — Physician Review) · In effect
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