Minnesota Consumer Data Privacy Act
Minnesota Consumer Data Privacy Act (MCDPA)
Minnesota · 2024 Minn. Laws ch. 123 (HF 4757); Minn. Stat. §§ 325M.01–.21
- Status
- In effect
- Took effect
- July 31, 2025
- Applies to
- Controllers at 100,000-consumer or 25,000/50%-revenue thresholds
- Enforced by
- Minnesota Attorney General
Minnesota's privacy law gives residents data rights plus something unique: the right to question automated profiling decisions with significant effects — including the right to know why the decision was made and what would change the outcome. Full AG enforcement began February 2026.
Who is protected: Minnesota residents
Legal detail
MCDPA (HF 4757), Minn. Stat. §§ 325M.01–.21, eff. July 31, 2025; unique profiling-decision-questioning right (§ 325M.14); data protection assessments; AG-enforced up to $7,500/violation; cure period expired Jan. 31, 2026.
Key facts
| Jurisdiction | Minnesota |
|---|---|
| Level | State |
| Strength | Limited |
| Enacted | May 24, 2024 |
| Citation | 2024 Minn. Laws ch. 123 (HF 4757); Minn. Stat. §§ 325M.01–.21 |
| Private right of action | No, agency enforcement only |
| Penalties | Up to $7,500 per violation plus investigation costs |
| Topics | consumer data privacy · data retention · automated decision-making · consumer protection |
| Statute | Minn. Stat. § 325M.14 — Consumer Personal Data Rights |
More AI rules in Minnesota
- MN HF 1606 AI Nudification Ban (2026) · In effect
- xAI v. Ellison (MN nudification ban challenge) · Blocked / in litigation
- MN drone-warrant law (2020) · In effect
- MN Deepfake Law · In effect
- Minnesota SF 4097 (social-media algorithm disclosure) · In effect
- Minnesota HF 2432 (AI-generated CSAM) · In effect
Related consumer data privacy rules elsewhere
- Vermont Data Broker Law (H.211) · Enacted (not yet in effect)
- Chatrie v. United States (Fourth Amendment protection for location… · Blocked / in litigation
- House Bill 2512 — Banning surveillance pricing by rideshare companies · Proposed / pending
- Kids Internet and Digital Safety Act (KIDS Act) (H.R. 7757) · Proposed / pending
- Maine LD 61 (employer surveillance disclosure & prohibition) · In effect
- Washington SHB 1672 (employee monitoring notice, ADS restrictions, emotion AI ban) · In effect
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