Minnesota Consumer Data Privacy Act (MCDPA)
Minnesota · 2024 Minn. Laws ch. 123 (HF 4757); Minn. Stat. §§ 325M.01–.21
Minnesota's privacy law gives residents data rights plus something unique: the right to question automated profiling decisions with significant effects — including the right to know why the decision was made and what would change the outcome. Full AG enforcement began February 2026.
Technical detail
MCDPA (HF 4757), Minn. Stat. §§ 325M.01–.21, eff. July 31, 2025; unique profiling-decision-questioning right (§ 325M.14); data protection assessments; AG-enforced up to $7,500/violation; cure period expired Jan. 31, 2026.
Who is protected: Minnesota residents
Who must comply: Controllers at 100,000-consumer or 25,000/50%-revenue thresholds
Key facts
| Jurisdiction | Minnesota |
|---|---|
| Level | State |
| Status | In effect |
| Protection strength | Limited protection |
| Effective date | 2025-07-31 |
| Enacted | 2024-05-24 |
| Citation | 2024 Minn. Laws ch. 123 (HF 4757); Minn. Stat. §§ 325M.01–.21 |
| Enforced by | Minnesota Attorney General |
| Private right of action | No — agency enforcement only |
| Penalties | Up to $7,500 per violation plus investigation costs |
| Topics | consumer data privacy · data retention · automated decision-making · consumer protection |
| Last verified | 2026-06-12 |
| Official source | Minn. Stat. § 325M.14 — Consumer Personal Data Rights ↗ |
More AI rules in Minnesota
- MN drone-warrant law (2020) · In effect
- MN Deepfake Law · In effect
- Minnesota SF 4097 (social-media algorithm disclosure) · In effect
- Minnesota HF 2432 (AI-generated CSAM) · In effect
- Public Artificial Intelligence Services Security Standard · In effect
Related consumer data privacy rules elsewhere
- Vermont Data Broker Law (H.211) · Enacted (not yet in effect)
- Chatrie v. United States (Fourth Amendment protection for lo · Blocked / in litigation
- House Bill 2512 — Banning surveillance pricing by rideshare · Proposed / pending
- Kids Internet and Digital Safety Act (KIDS Act) (H.R. 7757) · Proposed / pending
- Maine LD 61 (employer surveillance disclosure & prohibition) · In effect
- Washington SHB 1672 (employee monitoring notice, ADS restrictions, emotion AI ban) · In effect
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