MD NCII Deepfake Law
Maryland NCII / AI Deepfake Expansion (SB 360, 2025)
Maryland · 2025 Md. Laws Ch. 219 (SB 360); Md. Code Ann., Crim. Law § 3-809
- Status
- In effect
- Took effect
- July 1, 2025
- Applies to
- Creators and distributors of such imagery
- Enforced by
- Maryland State's Attorneys; private civil action
Maryland expanded its revenge-porn statute to explicitly cover AI-generated deepfake intimate images — computer-generated likenesses indistinguishable from real persons. Victims get criminal remedies (up to 2 years, $5,000) and a new civil cause of action. Passed 47-0 and 140-0.
Who is protected: Anyone depicted in nonconsensual AI-generated intimate imagery in Maryland
Legal detail
SB 360 (2025) amends Md. Code Ann., Crim. Law § 3-809 to cover computer-generated images indistinguishable from the person to an ordinary observer; creates a civil private right of action.
Key facts
| Jurisdiction | Maryland |
|---|---|
| Level | State |
| Strength | Limited |
| Enacted | April 7, 2025 |
| Citation | 2025 Md. Laws Ch. 219 (SB 360); Md. Code Ann., Crim. Law § 3-809 |
| Private right of action | Yes, individuals can sue |
| Penalties | Misdemeanor up to 2 years/$5,000; civil damages, injunctions, attorney's fees |
| Topics | non-consensual intimate imagery · deepfakes · AI-generated images |
| Bill text | Maryland SB 360 (2025) |
More AI rules in Maryland
- MD HB 1339 (Automated Decision Systems, 2026) · In effect
- Maryland AI Ready Schools Act, SB 720 (2026) · In effect
- Maryland EO 01.01.2026.16 data center framework (2026) · In effect
- Maryland Online Data Privacy Act · In effect
- Maryland CSAM Law (computer-generated images) · In effect
- Maryland AI Governance Act (2024) · In effect
Related non-consensual intimate imagery rules elsewhere
- Arizona HB 2133 deepfake sexual content — vetoed 2026 · Vetoed
- Illinois HB 3851 — deepfake cyberbullying in schools (2026) · In effect
- TAKE IT DOWN Act · In effect
- DEFIANCE Act (deepfake-porn civil suits) · Proposed / pending
- NY S5959-D (2020, digital replicas + deepfake porn) · In effect
- Missouri Deepfake & Digital Media Protection Act · Proposed / pending
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