ND Sexually Explicit Deepfake Law
North Dakota Sexually Expressive Deepfake Law (HB 1351, 2025)
North Dakota · 2025 ND HB 1351; NDCC §§ 12.1-27.1-01(13), -03.3
- Status
- In effect
- Took effect
- August 1, 2025
- Applies to
- Anyone who creates, possesses, or distributes such deepfakes in North Dakota
- Enforced by
- North Dakota state prosecutors; private plaintiffs
North Dakota makes it a Class A misdemeanor to create, possess, or distribute nonconsensual sexually explicit deepfakes — including computer-generated intimate imagery. Victims can sue for up to $10,000 in statutory damages plus any profits the offender made.
Who is protected: Identifiable individuals depicted in nonconsensual explicit deepfakes
Legal detail
2025 ND HB 1351, amending NDCC §§ 12.1-27.1-01(13) and 12.1-27.1-03.3; Class A misdemeanor; civil remedy up to $10,000 statutory damages plus disgorgement; effective Aug. 1, 2025.
Key facts
| Jurisdiction | North Dakota |
|---|---|
| Level | State |
| Strength | Limited |
| Enacted | April 23, 2025 |
| Citation | 2025 ND HB 1351; NDCC §§ 12.1-27.1-01(13), -03.3 |
| Private right of action | Yes, individuals can sue |
| Penalties | Class A misdemeanor; civil statutory damages up to $10,000 plus disgorgement |
| Topics | non-consensual intimate imagery · deepfakes · AI-generated images |
| Bill text | HB 1351 — North Dakota Legislative Branch |
More AI rules in North Dakota
- ND HB 1613 (drone evidence limits extended to robots; no armed police robots) · In effect
- ND 12.1-17-07 (using a robot/AI to harass is a crime) · In effect
- ND 12.1-17-07.1 (stalking via robot/AI, e.g. tracking, is a crime) · In effect
- ND HB 1167 (political ads using AI to impersonate must say so) · In effect
- ND HB 1386 (CSAM laws cover computer-generated/AI images of minors) · In effect
- Artificial Intelligence Guideline · In effect
Related non-consensual intimate imagery rules elsewhere
- Arizona HB 2133 deepfake sexual content — vetoed 2026 · Vetoed
- Illinois HB 3851 — deepfake cyberbullying in schools (2026) · In effect
- TAKE IT DOWN Act · In effect
- DEFIANCE Act (deepfake-porn civil suits) · Proposed / pending
- NY S5959-D (2020, digital replicas + deepfake porn) · In effect
- Missouri Deepfake & Digital Media Protection Act · Proposed / pending
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